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Resumo Na esteira de estudos direcionados à placa aterosclerótica e em busca de variáveis quantificáveis que adicionem informações à tomada de decisão terapêutica, a avaliação a partir de elastografia shear wave (SWE) se apresenta como alternativa reprodutível e promissora. Utilizamos um único aparelho Logiq S8 (General Electric, Boston, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos) com um transdutor linear multifrequencial 8,5-11 MHz em 10 MHz em corte longitudinal. Consideramos critérios relevantes para a aquisição de imagem: adequada insonação longitudinal, diferenciação do complexo médio-intimal, delineamento de túnicas adventícias proximal e distal, lúmen vascular, boa visualização da placa aterosclerótica, ciclo em diástole ventricular e ausência de alterações incongruentes. A SWE é um método emergente e extremamente promissor no contexto da avaliação de placas carotídeas, podendo contribuir no futuro para a tomada de decisão terapêutica baseada em características relativas à placa aterosclerótica de forma reprodutível entre aparelhos e examinadores.
Abstract In the wake of studies targeting atherosclerotic plaques and searching for quantifiable variables that contribute additional information to therapeutic decision-making, plaque assessment using Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) is emerging as a reproducible and promising alternative. We used a single Logiq S8 device (General Electric, Boston, Massachusetts, United States) with an 8.5-11MHz multifrequency linear transducer at 10MHz in longitudinal section. We considered relevant criteria for image acquisition: adequate longitudinal insonation, differentiation of the intima-media complex, delineation of proximal and distal tunica adventitia and the vascular lumen, good visualization of the atherosclerotic plaque, cardiac cycle in ventricular diastole, and absence of incongruous changes. SWE is an emerging and extremely promising method for assessment of carotid plaques that may contribute to therapeutic decision-making based on characteristics related to the atherosclerotic plaque, with inter-device and inter-examiner reproducibility.
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Resumo Fatores relativos à placa aterosclerótica podem indicar instabilidade como ulcerações, hemorragias intraplaca, núcleo lipídico, capa fibrosa delgada ou irregular e inflamação. A mediana de escala de cinza (GSM, de greyscale median) da placa é um dos métodos mais difundidos de estudo da placa aterosclerótica; nesse sentido, é importante criar uma padronização da pós-processamento de forma compreensível. O pós-processamento foi realizado no software Photoshop 23.1.1. A padronização da imagem foi alcançada com o ajuste de curvas do histograma de escalas de cinza definindo o ponto mais escuro do lúmen vascular (sangue) para zero e a adventícia distal para 190. A posterização e o remapeamento de cores foram realizados. Um método que apresenta o atual estado da arte da técnica de forma acessível e ilustrativa pode contribuir para disseminação da análise de GSM. Neste artigo, esse processo é demonstrado passo a passo.
Abstract Factors related to atherosclerotic plaques may indicate instability, such as ulcerations, intraplaque hemorrhages, lipid core, thin or irregular fibrous cap, and inflammation. The grayscale median (GSM) value is one of the most widespread methods of studying atherosclerotic plaques and it is therefore important to comprehensively standardize image post-processing. Post-processing was performed using Photoshop 23.1.1.202. Images were standardized by adjusting the grayscale histogram curves, setting the darkest point of the vascular lumen (blood) to zero and the distal adventitia to 190. Posterization and color mapping were performed. A methodology that presents the current state of the art in an accessible and illustrative way should contribute to the dissemination of GSM analysis. This article describes and illustrates the process step by step.
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At present, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various ophthalmological diseases, but there are still many problems. Due to the lack of standardized test sets, gold standards, and recognized evaluation systems for the accuracy of AI products, it is difficult to compare the results of multiple studies. When it comes to the field of image generation, we hardly have an efficient approach to evaluating research results. In clinical practice, ophthalmological AI research is often out of touch with actual clinical needs. The requirements for the quality and quantity of clinical data put more burden on AI research, limiting the transformation of AI studies. The prediction of systemic diseases based on fundus images is making progressive advancement. However, the lack of interpretability of the research lower the acceptance. Ophthalmology AI research also suffer from ethical controversy due to unconstructed regulations and regulatory mechanisms, concerns on patients' privacy and data security, and the risk of aggravating the unfairness of medical resources.
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Objective:To explore the added value of time-activity curve (TAC) and target-to-background ratio (TBR) obtained by 18F-FDG total-body PET/CT dynamic imaging in the diagnosis of liver malignant tumors. Methods:From December 2019 to October 2021, 109 patients (65 males, 44 females; age (59.3±9.3) years) with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; n=27), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC; n=61) and colorectal cancer with liver metastasis (CRLM; n=21) who underwent 60 min 18F-FDG total-body PET/CT dynamic imaging in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively enrolled. Dynamic PET/CT images were divided into perfusion-weighted (PW) phase and metabolism-weighted (MW) phase. The arterial phase was defined as the 15 s after the abdominal aorta peak frame at PW. TACs at MW were divided into three types as Graph A, Graph B and Graph C. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare difference of TBR 30/60 among groups. ROC curve analysis was used to evaluate diagnostic effectiveness. Results:With hypervascularity as the diagnostic standard of HCC, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 66.7%(18/27), 75.6%(59/78), 48.6%(18/37) and 86.8%(59/68), respectively. With Graph B as the diagnostic standard of HCC, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 44.4%(12/27), 85.4%(70/82), 50.0%(12/24) and 82.4%(70/85), respectively. The TBR 30/60 of HCC, ICC and CRLM was 0.38±0.19, 0.49±0.18 and 0.64±0.20 respectively ( F=10.89, P<0.001). When the cut-off value of TBR 30/60 was 0.43, the AUC of distinguishing HCC from ICC and CRLM was 0.72, with the sensitivity and specificity of 70.5%(55/78) and 65.2%(15/23). When the cut-off value of TBR 30/60 was 0.64, the AUC of distinguishing ICC from CRLM was 0.71, with the sensitivity and specificity of 61.9%(13/21) and 82.5%(47/57). Conclusion:TAC graph types and TBR 30/60 obtained by total-body PET/CT dynamic imaging display potential value for differentiation between hepatic tumor types.
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Abstract Objective: To determine whether the radiomic features of lung lesions on computed tomography correlate with overall survival in lung cancer patients. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 101 consecutive patients with malignant neoplasms confirmed by biopsy or surgery. On computed tomography images, the lesions were submitted to semi-automated segmentation and were characterized on the basis of 2,465 radiomic variables. The prognostic assessment was based on Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank tests, according to the median value of the radiomic variables. Results: Of the 101 patients evaluated, 28 died (16 dying from lung cancer), and 73 were censored, with a mean overall survival time of 1,819.4 days (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1,481.2-2,157.5). One radiomic feature (the mean of the Fourier transform) presented a difference on Kaplan-Meier curves (p < 0.05). A high-risk group of patients was identified on the basis of high values for the mean of the Fourier transform. In that group, the mean survival time was 1,465.4 days (95% CI: 985.2-1,945.6), with a hazard ratio of 2.12 (95% CI: 1.01-4.48). We also identified a low-risk group, in which the mean of the Fourier transform was low (mean survival time of 2,164.8 days; 95% CI: 1,745.4-2,584.1). Conclusion: A radiomic signature based on the Fourier transform correlates with overall survival, representing a prognostic biomarker for risk stratification in patients with lung cancer.
Resumo Objetivo: Associar características radiômicas de lesões pulmonares em imagens de tomografia computadorizada com a sobrevida global de pacientes com câncer de pulmão. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo composto por 101 pacientes consecutivos com neoplasia maligna confirmada por biópsia/cirurgia. As lesões foram semiautomaticamente segmentadas e caracterizadas por 2.465 variáveis radiômicas. A avaliação prognóstica foi baseada na análise de Kaplan-Meier e no teste log-rank, de acordo com a mediana dos valores das variáveis. Resultados: Vinte e oito pacientes faleceram (16 por câncer de pulmão) e 73 foram censurados, com tempo médio de sobrevida de 1.819,4 dias (intervalo de confiança 95% [IC 95%]: 1.481,2-2.157,5). Uma característica radiômica (média de Fourier) apresentou diferença nas curvas de Kaplan-Meier (p < 0,05). Um grupo de pacientes de maior risco foi identificado a partir de valores altos da variável: sobrevida de 1.465,4 dias (IC 95%: 985,2-1.945,6) e razão de risco de 2,12 (IC 95%: 1,01-4,48). Um grupo de menor risco foi identificado a partir de valores baixos da variável (sobrevida de 2.164,8 dias; IC 95%: 1.745,4-2.584,1). Conclusão: Este estudo apresentou uma assinatura radiômica em imagens de tomografia computadorizada, baseada na transformada de Fourier, correlacionada com a sobrevida global de pacientes com câncer de pulmão, representando assim um biomarcador prognóstico.
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The process of bone healing is absolutely complicated and affected by a wide variety of factors. The quality of bone healing directly determines management approaches. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate accurately outcomes of bone healing. The assessments of bone healing mostly used in current clinical practice are a combination of clinical manifestations and X-ray examination while computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound may be applied alternatively for particular parts and populations. As understanding of bone healing process and bone biomechanical structure is deepening in recent years, both traditional and novel assessments of bone healing have been well refined. This review will expound on the advantages, disadvantages and clinical indications of various assessments, as well as their future development trends, to provide useful information for clinicians.
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Objective:To investigate the imaging manifestations and diagnostic significance of multislice spiral CT angiography for aortic intramural hematoma.Methods:Forty-three patients with aortic intramural hematoma who received digital subtraction angiography or multislice spiral CT angiography in Yiwu Central Hospital from November 2017 to September 2018 were included in this study. The misdiagnosis rate and image quality were compared between the two imaging examination methods.Results:The misdiagnosis rate of digital subtraction angiography was 6.98% (3/43) and that of multislice spiral CT angiography was 4.65% (2/43). There was no significant difference in the misdiagnosis rate between the two methods ( P > 0.05). The numbers of patients receiving multislice spiral CT angiography with grade III image quality ( n = 4) and grade IV image quality ( n = 2) were lower than those of patients receiving digital subtraction angiography ( χ2 = 3.957 and 4.074, both P < 0.05). There were no significant difference in the numbers of patients with grade I and II image quality between the two methods (both P > 0.05). Multislice spiral CT angiography showed that among 43 patients, 18 patients had non-ulcerative aortic wall hematoma, 25 patients had ulcerative aortic wall hematoma. Among patients with aortic wall hematoma, 14 patients had moderate or more amount of pleural effusion, with the average thickness of hematoma tissue of 11.42 mm, the maximum diameter of the involved ascending aorta of 56 mm, and the maximum diameter of the involved descending aorta of 44 mm. Conclusion:Multislice spiral CT angiography is superior to digital subtraction angiography in the diagnosis of aortic wall hematoma because it provides clearer images, which can help better present lesion changes.
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Objective:To investigate the value of radiomic features of computed tomography (CT) images in the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma appearing as part-solid ground-glass nodules.Methods:The clinical data of 100 part-solid ground-glass nodules from 88 patients with pulmonary adenocarcinoma confirmed by pathological diagnosis who received surgical treatment in Taizhou Tumor Hospital, China between February 2016 and April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among these 100 part-solid ground-glass nodules, 56 from 53 patients were diagnosed as invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma and 44 from 35 patients as non-invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma. A set of regular risk factors and visually-assessed qualitative CT imaging features were compared with the radiomic features using logistic regression analysis. Three diagnostic models, i.e., a basis model using the clinical risk factors and qualitative CT features, a radiomics model using significant radiomic features, and a nomogram model combining all significant features, were established and their diagnostic efficacy was compared based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Decision curve analysis was performed for the nomogram model to explore its potential clinical benefit.Results:Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that three qualitative CT imaging features (pleural traction ( P = 0.006), solid component size ( P = 0.045) and solid component proportion ( P = 0.020)) and quantitative Rad score ( P = 0.046) were significantly correlated with invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma. The adjusted ratios were 7.189, 0.075, 194.786 and 2.016, respectively. The diagnostic nomogram model based on these four features showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.903 (95% CI: 0.845, 0.975). The diagnostic nomogram model showed a significantly higher performance (AUC = 0.903) in differentiating invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma from non-invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma than either the basis model (AUC = 0.853, P = 0.000) or the radiomics model (AUC = 0.769, P < 0.001). Decision curve analysis indicated a potential benefit of using such a nomogram model in clinical diagnosis. Conclusion:Quantitative radiomic features provide additional information regarding clinically-assessed qualitative features for differentiating invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma from non-invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma appearing as ground-glass nodules, and a diagnostic nomogram model including all these significant features may be clinically useful in preoperative strategy planning.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the hottest research topics. The development of AI technology not only brings convenience to people's lives, but also integrates with other frontier fields to aid in data processing and result prediction. Deep learning is one of the emerging technologies that demonstrate outstanding performances. In this paper, the wide application of deep learning technology in many fields of biomedicine was summarized, common methods and models were briefly introduced including artificial neural network, deep neural network, convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network. Besides, the application of deep learning in biomedical image analysis, omics data processing and protein spatial structure prediction was summarized, and its limitations and development prospects in the above applications were briefly discussed.
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RESUMEN: Objetivo: Determinar las dimensiones de la cresta ósea vestibular de los incisivos maxilares con indicación de implantación inmediata. Pacientes y método: Un estudio transversal fue realizado en pacientes con necesidad de colocación de implantes inmediatos unitarios en la zona incisiva superior, durante el periodo de Enero-2015 a Diciembre-2017. Cortes tomográficos sagítales fueron utilizados para determinar la altura y el grosor de la cresta ósea alveolar vestibular. El punto de medición del grosor fue localizado a 4 mm apical a la linea amelocementaria. Un análisis T-student, fue utilizado para comparar las variables según la edad, el género y el grupo dentario, con un intervalo de confianza de 95%. Resultados: 298 imágenes fueron incluidas en la evaluación. El promedio de altura fue 10,68 mm, no hubo diferencias al comparar los grupos. El grosor promedio fue de 0,73 mm, diferencias de grosor, estadísticamente significativas, fueron observadas al comparar la edad y el género, no así en el grupo dentarlo. Conclusiones: La altura del hueso alveolar vestibular de incisivos superiores es suficiente para colocar implantes inmediatos dentro de un marco óseo. No obstante, el grosor observado, se traduciría en la necesidad de complementar la implantación con técnicas de regeneraciónn tisular guiada.
ABSTRACT: Objective : Determine the dimensions of the facial bone ridge of the maxillary incisors with indication of immediate implantation. Patients and method: A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients in need of single immediate implant placement in the upper incisor area, during the period from January-2015 to December-2017. Sagittal tomographic sections were used to determine the height and thickness of the vestibular alveolar bone ridge. The thickness measurement point was located 4 mm apical to the amelocementary junction. A T-student analysis was used to compare the variables according to age, gender, and dental group, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: 298 images were included in the evaluation. The mean height was 10.68 mm, there were no differences when comparing the groups. The mean thickness was 0.73 mm, statistically significant differences in thickness were observed when comparing age and gender, but not in the dental group. Conclusions: The height of the vestibular alveolar bone of the upper incisors could be sufficient to place immediate implants within a bone framework. However, the thickness observed would result in the need to complement the implantation with guided tissue regeneration techniques.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Therapeutics , Facial Bones , Incisor , Jaw , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: To obtain the standardized values of individuals of Malaysian Malay and Chinese for further relevant research, such as treatment planning and aesthetical considerations. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, 440 (305 were Malays and 135 were Chinese) standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontic patients selected through simple random sampling are profiled using Holdaway's analysis. The independent t-test was used to assess the disparities in race and gender. The significant level was p<0.05. Results: Significant differences were found between the Malays and Chinese in their skeletal profile convexity, superior sulcus depth, inferior sulcus to the H line and nose prominence. Between Malay females and males, there are significant differences in superior sulcus depth, soft tissue subnasale to H line, basic upper lip thickness, upper lip thickness and nose prominence. Between Chinese males and females, there were differences in their skeletal profile convexity, upper lip to H line, basic upper lip thickness and upper lip thickness. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated the difference between standardized norms and the unique profiles of Malaysian Malays and Chinese. There are significant gender disparities in the soft tissue cephalometric measurements among Malaysian Malay and Chinese subjects.
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Humans , Male , Female , Orthodontics , Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/instrumentation , China , Cephalometry/instrumentation , Lip , Malaysia , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Asian PeopleABSTRACT
@#Any metallic object within the CT scanning field can produce metal artefacts, which will degrade the diagnostic image quality. Previous methods described for quantifying this kind of artefacts were complicated and difficult to reproduce. The purpose of this study was to introduce a new rapid method for quantifying the artefacts produced in craniofacial CT images. This is an in-vitro experimental study. Four different compositions of orthodontic brackets were bonded consecutively in the tooth surfaces of a cadaveric skull head. All scans were performed by a single operator using the same CT machine followed by a standard scanning protocol. Artefact intensity for all data sets was quantified by following a modified method with a freely available open-source software ImageJ. All datasets were duplicated where metal artefacts were quantified according to the previous conventional method. Statistical analysis included independent samples t-test for validation and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval for both intra- and inter-examiner reliability. The modified method of measuring artefact score exhibited excellent intra (0.997–0.941) and inter-rater (0.996–0.905) reliability. In addition, no significant difference (p = 0.072) of mean artefact score was noted between the groups measured by the modified method and the conventional method. This modified method for measuring the artefact intensity is valid and reliable.
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Abstract Objective: To perform a quantitative analysis of the brain volume of elderly individuals in a population-based sample. Materials and Methods: This was a radiological assessment and voxel-based quantitative analysis, with surface alignment, of 525 magnetic resonance imaging scans of individuals between 60 and 103 years of age who participated in the Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento (Health, Well-being, and Aging) study in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Results: We noted a median rate of reduction in total brain volume of 2.4% per decade after 60 years of age. Gray and white matter both showed volume reductions with age. The total brain volume/intracranial brain volume ratio differed between males and females. Conclusion: We have corroborated the findings of studies conducted in the United States and Europe. The total brain volume/intracranial brain volume ratio is higher in men, representing a potential bias for the conventional radiological assessment of atrophy, which is typically based on the evaluation of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces.
Resumo Objetivo: Analisar, quantitativamente, o volume cerebral de idosos em uma amostra de base populacional em São Paulo. Materiais e Métodos: O estudo é uma avaliação radiológica e análise quantitativa baseada em voxel com alinhamento de superfície de 525 imagens de ressonância magnética de participantes de uma coorte de idosos (SABE - Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento) em São Paulo, Brasil, com idades de 60 a 103 anos, dos dois sexos. Resultados: Observamos redução média do volume cerebral total de 2,4% por década após os 60 anos de idade. A redução de volume ocorreu na substância cinzenta e na substância branca com a idade. A relação entre volume cerebral intracraniano e volume cerebral total diferiu entre homens e mulheres. Conclusão: Nós reproduzimos os achados de estudos prévios em populações americanas e europeias. A relação entre volume intracraniano e volume cerebral é maior em homens, o que pode representar fonte de viés na avaliação de atrofia radiológica convencional, já que essa avaliação é usualmente baseada em análise de espaços liquóricos intracranianos.
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Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor,and the clinical manifestations are not characteristic,so it is difficult to diagnose at an early stage, and it has a poor prognosis. Image technology has been widely used in clinical,with mature technology,and the application of image technology not only confined to the image display,but also has become a hot spot of research, including dynamic contrast enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DCE－MRI),intravoxel incoherent motion ( IVIM),CT perfusion imaging,which could analyze quantitatively the permeability and microvascular of lesions,to improve the sensitivity of diagnosis,and to assess quantitatively the effect of drugs,radiation and chemotherapy.
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Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is expected to be increasingly used in Korea due to technology advances and the expanded national insurance coverage of these tests. For improved patient care, it is crucial not only that CMR images are properly acquired but that they are accurately interpreted by well-trained personnel. In response to the increased demand for CMR, the Korean Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (KOSCI) has issued interpretation guidelines in conjunction with the Korean Society of Radiology (KSR). KOSCI has also created a formal Committee on CMR Guidelines to write updated practices. The members of this Committee review previously published interpretation guidelines and discuss the patterns of CMR use in Korea.
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Angiography , Heart , Insurance Coverage , Korea , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Patient CareABSTRACT
BACKGROUND/AIMS: A risk prediction model for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from indeterminate nodules detected on computed tomography (CT) (Rad(CT) score) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related cirrhosis was proposed. We validated this model for indeterminate nodules on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).METHODS: Between 2013 and 2016, Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) 2/3 nodules on MRI were detected in 99 patients with CHB. The Rad(CT) score was calculated.RESULTS: The median age of the 72 male and 27 female subjects was 58 years. HCC history and liver cirrhosis were found in 47 (47.5%) and 44 (44.4%) patients, respectively. The median Rad(CT) score was 112. The patients with HCC (n=41, 41.4%) showed significantly higher Rad(CT) scores than those without (median, 119 vs. 107; P=0.013); the Chinese university-HCC and risk estimation for HCC in CHB (REACH-B) scores were similar (both P>0.05). Arterial enhancement, T2 hyperintensity, and diffusion restriction on MRI were not significantly different in the univariate analysis (all P>0.05); only the Rad(CT) score significantly predicted HCC (hazard ratio [HR]=1.018; P=0.007). Multivariate analysis showed HCC history was the only independent HCC predictor (HR=2.374; P=0.012). When the subjects were stratified into three risk groups based on the Rad(CT) score (<60, 60–105, and >105), the cumulative HCC incidence was not significantly different among them (all P>0.05, log-rank test).CONCLUSIONS: HCC history, but not Rad(CT) score, predicted CHB-related HCC development from LI-RADS 2/3 nodules. New risk models optimized for MRI-defined indeterminate nodules are required.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Asian People , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Diffusion , Fibrosis , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Hepatitis, Chronic , Incidence , Information Systems , Liver , Liver Cirrhosis , Liver Neoplasms , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Multivariate Analysis , Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Risk AssessmentABSTRACT
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is expected to be increasingly used in Korea due to technological advances and the expanded national insurance coverage of CMR assessments. For improved patient care, proper acquisition of CMR images as well as their accurate interpretation by well-trained personnel are equally important. In response to the increased demand for CMR, the Korean Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (KOSCI) has issued interpretation guidelines in conjunction with the Korean Society of Radiology. KOSCI has also created a formal Committee on CMR guidelines to create updated practices. The members of this committee review previously published interpretation guidelines and discuss the patterns of CMR use in Korea.
Subject(s)
Angiography , Heart , Insurance Coverage , Korea , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Patient CareABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To demonstrate whether or not there is a correlation between the risk factors for gonarthrosis and the radiographic classification of Ahlbäck. Methods: We studied patients with primary gonarthrosis attended at the knee outpatient clinic of the General Hospital of Vila Penteado during their routine visit. We collected data on patient age (years), weight (kg), height (meters), body mass index (BMI = patient weight/height2), personal history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus (positive or negative), sedentarism (physical activity less than three times per week, 30 minutes per session), functional demand (how many blocks walked weekly), time of onset of symptoms (in years) and laterality or bilaterality. The data were correlated with the Ahlbäck classification applied to the radiographs performed at the time of the consultation. Results: A sample of 108 patients was studied. We did not find an association between the Ahlbäck classification and the patient's age, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, laterality, number of blocks walked per week, diabetes mellitus, and sex; however, a positive association was observed in hypertensive patients as well as a weak correlation with height and weight of the patient and moderate correlation with BMI. Conclusion: The Ahlbäck classification is unrelated to most of the risk factors for primary gonarthrosis. Level of evidence III, Case-control study.
RESUMO Objetivo: Demonstrar se existe ou não correlação entre os fatores de risco de gonartrose e a classificação radiográfica de Ahlbäck. Métodos: Estudamos pacientes com gonartrose primária, assistidos no ambulatório de joelho do Hospital Geral de Vila Penteado em sua consulta de rotina. Foram coletados dados referentes a idade do paciente (anos), peso do paciente (kg), altura (metros), índice de massa corporal (IMC= peso do paciente/altura2), antecedente pessoal de hipertensão ou diabetes mellitus (positivo ou negativo), sedentarismo (se pratica atividade física menos de três vezes por semana, 30 minutos por sessão), demanda funcional (quantas quadras caminha semanalmente), tempo do início dos sintomas (em anos) e lateralidade ou bilateralidade. Os dados foram correlacionados com a classificação de Ahlbäck aplicada às radiografias realizadas no momento da consulta. Resultados: Uma amostra de 108 pacientes foi estudada. Não encontramos associação entre a classificação de Ahlbäck e a idade do paciente, tabagismo, sedentarismo, lateralidade, quantidade de quadras percorridas por semana, diabetes mellitus e sexo do paciente, porém verificou-se associação positiva em pacientes hipertensos e correlação fraca com altura e peso do paciente e correlação moderada com IMC. Conclusão: A classificação de Ahlbäck não apresenta relação com a maioria dos fatores de risco de gonartrose primária. Nível de evidência III, Estudo caso-controle.